Stillbirths

Abstract

Stillbirths are among the most common pregnancy-related adverse outcomes but are more common in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. In high-income countries, most stillbirths occur early in the preterm period, whereas in low-income and middle-income countries, most occur in term or in late preterm births. In low-income and middle-income countries, conditions, such as prolonged or obstructed labor, placental abruption, preeclampsia/eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, fetal distress, breech and other abnormal presentations, and multiple births, are associated with stillbirth. In high-income countries, placental abnormalities are the most common associations. Globally, fetal asphyxia is likely the most common final pathway to stillbirth.