We conducted a scoping review to understand how person-directed care planning (PDCP) and related care planning practices (e.g., advance care planning) are implemented in various care contexts with bearing on how PDCP might be implemented with long-stay nursing home residents. The literature was systematically coded, and the coded information was analyzed to identify substantive themes. The key themes address: (i) ontological foundations of PDCP, including humanist philosophy; (ii) essential elements of PDCP, such as knowing the person and integrating the person’s goals in care planning ; (iii) challenges to PDCP, including the limited time available for care planning activities ; (iv) facilitators of PDCP, such as national regulatory mandates ; and (v) outcomes of PDCP, including its influence on organizational culture . We describe further research needed on how current care planning practices can be reformed to achieve PDCP, and how regulatory enforcement and monitoring processes might better support PDCP in practice.
