RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC – A new program offering free elective genetic testing for newborns, developed at RTI International, will become available to North Carolina parents starting in 2018, thanks to a grant from the National Institutes of Health.
The program, called Early Check, grew from RTI’s research on newborn screening, done in partnership with the North Carolina State Laboratory of Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Duke University, and Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center. All three sites are part of a national consortium of institutions that have received funding from the NIH through the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program.
NIH, through the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), will provide $1 million per year over five years to launch Early Check statewide, offering testing for one or more genetic conditions to up to 120,000 families each year. Early Check will function as a research study, helping enable research on genetic conditions and potential treatments. This project is one of seven innovation awards funded by National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
“We hope to offer to every baby born in North Carolina the opportunity to participate in this study,” said Don Bailey, Ph.D., Distinguished Fellow at RTI and the project’s principal investigator.
Shortly after birth, most babies in the United States go through a series of screenings for genetic disorders. The tests help doctors act quickly to help babies with conditions that can be treated, but that might otherwise go unnoticed and could be deadly.
The panel of conditions currently included in standard newborn screening tests leaves out some diseases that could be detected early. In some cases, tests are available, but expensive.
“The conditions left out of standard newborn screening do not have enough evidence that early treatment changes outcomes, something necessary for a public health program that is done universally,” said Lisa Gehtland, M.D., a physician and public health analyst at RTI and the project director. Early Check researchers will provide information about whether some of these conditions are appropriate for newborn screening.
“Early Check is an exciting and innovative project to not only improve health outcomes, but to expand our scientific knowledge about detection and new approaches to treatment,” said Alex Kemper, M.D., a pediatrician who serves as the principal investigator at Duke. “This is a complex project that only works by bringing together the State Public Health Laboratory and major research institutions across North Carolina funded through the CTSA network.”
The Early Check team currently plans to offer screening for spinal muscular atrophy, a significant cause of death among infants, and fragile X syndrome, the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability.
“The North Carolina State Laboratory of Public Health is excited to be advancing the science of newborn screening through our partnership with RTI,” said Scott J. Zimmerman, DrPH, MPH, director of the North Carolina State Laboratory of Public Health.
Parents could also gain peace of mind from the results. If a child does have one of the conditions, the early test will prevent families from going through a long diagnostic process. But most babies will turn out to be unaffected, eliminating some of the worries of new parents.
“From a family’s point of view, these tests offer pros and cons,” Bailey said. “Some families may not want to know right away if their baby will face a difficult illness. Others will see advantages, including the ability to plan for early intervention services for the affected child, or to decide whether to have more children if they might also inherit a genetic condition.”
Early Check also differs from the standard newborn screening panel because it is designed as a research study, Gehtland said. Researchers will follow up with the families of babies who are found to have one of the conditions, offering the chance to participate in longitudinal studies or clinical trials.
“Without early screenings, it is extremely hard to conduct clinical studies to help infants with rare conditions,” Gehtland said. “This creates a barrier to developing new therapies. Early Check will fill this gap, benefitting science as well as patients.”
The team also hopes Early Check will make an impact on public policy. The results could lead to changes in the standard newborn screening panel, and the program itself could serve as a model for other states.
