The rootwood of Aeschynomene mimosifolia Vatke (Leguminosae) has yielded a new neoflavonoid, mimosifoliol (1), and an unusual C16-styrylcycloheptenone derivative, mimosifolenone (2). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectral analysis. Compound 1 demonstrated weak activity in DNA-strand scission assay, while compound 2 was found to be inactive. Mimosifoliol (1) was inactive toward several human cell lines, while 2 was moderately active against the KB cell line
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